{"id":2560,"date":"2022-05-14T16:25:33","date_gmt":"2022-05-14T19:25:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/?p=2560"},"modified":"2022-05-14T16:27:05","modified_gmt":"2022-05-14T19:27:05","slug":"conceitos-fundamentais-de-estatistica-descritiva-medidas-de-tendencia-central","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/2022\/05\/14\/conceitos-fundamentais-de-estatistica-descritiva-medidas-de-tendencia-central\/","title":{"rendered":"Conceitos fundamentais de estat\u00edstica descritiva &#8211; Medidas de tend\u00eancia central"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leitura e links para a aula:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Renda_domiciliar_per_capita_2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">IBGE. Renda domiciliar per capta 2017.<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/tabua_de_mortalidade_2016_analise.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">IBGE. T\u00e1bua de mortalidade 2016.<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/plot.ly\/#\/\"><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-idade.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-508\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-idade.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-idade-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-idade-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-idade-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-idade-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Histograma de Idade<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-idade.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-506\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-idade.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-idade-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-idade-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-idade-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-idade-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Boxplot de Idade<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-peso.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-507\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-peso.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-peso-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-peso-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-peso-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/histograma-peso-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Histograma de Peso<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-peso.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-505\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-peso.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-peso-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-peso-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-peso-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot-peso-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Boxplot de Peso<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/origem.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-504\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/origem.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/origem-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/origem-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/origem-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/origem-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Origem<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Curso.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-503\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Curso.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Curso-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Curso-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Curso-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Curso-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Curso<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1514\" height=\"842\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/duracao_processos-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/duracao_processos-1.png 1514w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/duracao_processos-1-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/duracao_processos-1-768x427.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/duracao_processos-1-1024x569.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1514px) 100vw, 1514px\" \/><figcaption>Dura\u00e7\u00e3o dos processos em dias<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1527\" height=\"826\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao-1.png 1527w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao-1-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao-1-768x415.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao-1-1024x554.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1527px) 100vw, 1527px\" \/><figcaption>Boxplot de dura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1490\" height=\"839\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao_fisico_digital.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao_fisico_digital.png 1490w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao_fisico_digital-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao_fisico_digital-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/boxplot_duracao_fisico_digital-1024x577.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1490px) 100vw, 1490px\" \/><figcaption>Boxplots comparando a dura\u00e7\u00e3o de processos f\u00edsicos e digitais<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/ScatterPlot-Renda-Expectativa-BR.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/ScatterPlot-Renda-Expectativa-BR.png 1200w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/ScatterPlot-Renda-Expectativa-BR-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/ScatterPlot-Renda-Expectativa-BR-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/ScatterPlot-Renda-Expectativa-BR-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/ScatterPlot-Renda-Expectativa-BR-150x100.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>Scatter Plot Expectativa x Renda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dado o conjunto de dados: A = [1, 2, 3, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 9, 11, 12, 24, 55]<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e9dia<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"957\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mean-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mean-1.png 957w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mean-1-300x179.png 300w, https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/mean-1-768x457.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 957px) 100vw, 957px\" \/><figcaption>F\u00f3rmula para m\u00e9dia aritm\u00e9tica. O x com uma barra representa a m\u00e9dia da amostra. n o n\u00famero de elementos do conjunto. O sigma representa o somat\u00f3rio. O i representa o \u00edndice do elemento, ou seja, sua posi\u00e7\u00e3o na lista. Essa f\u00f3rmula deve assim ser &#8220;interpretada&#8221;: some-se todos os elementos do conjunto, deo primeiro (i=1 embaixo do sigma) at\u00e9 o fim (n no topo). Depois, divida o resultado por n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A m\u00e9dia arim\u00e9tica de A:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soma de todos os elementos de A:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1 + 2 + 3+ 6 + 6 + 6 + 7 +7 + 9 + 11 +12 + 24 + 55 = 149<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Divis\u00e3o da soma pelo n\u00famero (13) de elementos de A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">149 \/ 13 = 11,46<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mediana<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1, 2, 3, 6, 6, 6, <strong>7<\/strong>, 7, 9, 11, 12, 24, 55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Como o n de itens em A \u00e9 \u00edmpar, a mediana \u00e9 o item que parte o conjunto em dois: <strong>7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se o n fosse par, e.g., B = [1, 2, 3, 6, 6, <strong>6, 7,<\/strong> 9, 11, 12, 24, 55]<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A mediana seria a m\u00e9dia dos dois elementos do meio: (6+7) \/ 2 = <strong>6,5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moda<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A moda \u00e9 simplesmente o item que mais se repete. No caso, <strong>6<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leitura e links para a aula: IBGE. Renda domiciliar per capta 2017. IBGE. T\u00e1bua de mortalidade 2016. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o Dado o conjunto de dados: A = [1, 2, 3, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7, 9, 11, 12, 24, 55] M\u00e9dia A m\u00e9dia arim\u00e9tica de A: Soma de todos os elementos de A: 1 + 2 + [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[27,6,29,30,28],"class_list":["post-2560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-topicos-em-sociologia-metodos-quantitativos-nas-ciencias-sociais","tag-distribuicao","tag-estatistica","tag-media","tag-mediana","tag-moda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2560"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2564,"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2560\/revisions\/2564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.robertonovaes.com.br\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}